The in vitro research, revealed in Vitamins, highlighted the potential of the fermentation supernatant of King Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii), also called King Trumpet mushroom, for managing intestine barrier dysfunction or “leaky intestine.”
“We have now elucidated a twin protecting capability of FS-PEWS [Pleurotus eryngii mushroom fermentation supernatant], particularly its outstanding capacity to protect tight junction integrity whereas concurrently modulating each paracellular and transcellular permeability beneath the stress of secondary bile acid publicity,” wrote researchers from the Vitamin-Intestine-Mind Interactions Analysis Centre at Örebro College and different establishments in Athens, Greece.
They famous that their findings “herald a novel mechanistic paradigm for the therapeutic software of merchandise based mostly on P. eryngii mushrooms, positioning them as a extremely promising method for the scientific administration of intestinal permeability problems whereas additionally mitigating systemic inflammatory cascades.”
Supporting the intestine barrier
The intestinal barrier should permit dietary vitamins to be absorbed whereas defending the physique from pathogens and dangerous exterior brokers. This course of is determined by the integrity of the intestine membrane and its tight junctions.
Leaky intestine is because it sounds: An undesirable scenario when poisonous bacterial parts can cross from the intestine lumen into the blood. It might happen attributable to irritation, sickness, medicines and different elements. Rising proof means that secondary bile acids in high-fat diets are detrimental to intestine barrier perform and should result in leaky intestine.
Deoxycholic acid is a secondary bile acid fashioned by microbial conversion. It has cytotoxic and inflammatory results, driving oxidative stress and disrupting the intestine barrier and its tight junctions. Excessive sodium deoxycholate (SDC) ranges, the sodium salt of deoxycholic acid, are linked to ulcerative colitis and colorectal most cancers.
P. eryngii mushrooms
Eating regimen is essential in shaping the intestine microbiome and supporting its capabilities. P. eryngii is a king oyster mushroom with fiber, protein and bioactive compounds that will promote intestine barrier well being.
Beta-glucans are the predominant supply of fiber in P. eryngii, performing as a prebiotic for microbial fermentation.
The present research notes that the mushrooms’ bioactive polysaccharides and secondary metabolites might assist preserve the intestine barrier “by modulating tight junction dynamics.” As well as, P. eryngii might inhibit and downregulate inflammatory brokers similar to NF-kB.
Noting the beforehand reported helpful results of P. eryngii, the researchers aimed to analyze the flexibility of P. eryngii mushroom fermentation supernatant (FS) to counteract SDC’s damaging impression on the intestine barrier and immune homeostasis.
Examine particulars
Researchers used fermentation supernatants of P. eryngii. The supernatant is the clear liquid overlying the fabric after settling, precipitation or centrifugation.
They generated the supernatants by fermenting fecal samples from 5 wholesome aged donors in vitro for twenty-four hours. The fermentation substrate was powdered mushrooms of the P. eryngii pressure. Following fermentation, the samples have been centrifuged to separate the supernatants.
The research additionally used an in vitro Caco-2 cell mannequin and ex vivo colonic biopsies from wholesome grownup donors, exposing them to SDC to induce a disruption in intestinal barrier permeability.
In Caco-2 cells, FS-PEWS restored zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and claudin-1 ranges that SDC had downregulated.
The colonic biopsies from wholesome adults “FS-PEWS maintained tissue integrity and selectively mitigated transcellular permeability with out affecting paracellular permeability when mixed with the stressor,” the researchers wrote.
“Moreover, FS-PEWS exhibited potent anti-inflammatory results, lowering pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g., TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β and modulating receptor-mediated pathways, i.e., TLR-4, dectin-1,” they added.
The research famous that the findings pave the way in which for future analysis to refine the understanding of particular bioactives in FS-PEWS that will assist handle circumstances associated to intestine barrier dysfunction, dysbiosis and irritation.
Supply: Vitamins 2025, 17(4), 694. doi: 10.3390/nu17040694. “Pleurotus eryngii Mushrooms Fermented with Human Fecal Microbiota Defend Intestinal Barrier Integrity: Immune Modulation and Signalling Pathways Counter Deoxycholic Acid-Induced Disruption in Wholesome Colonic Tissue”. Authors: E.N. Kerezoudi et al.
