The examine, printed in Frontiers in Vitamin, advised apple cider vinegar (ACV) could considerably scale back fasting blood sugar and HbA1c ranges, significantly at doses of at the very least 10 milliliters a day (mL/d).
Researchers at Shiraz College of Medical Sciences, Iran, had been motivated by pure dietary options to assist handle blood sugar ranges. They famous that vinegar is a generally used plant spinoff that has gained consideration for glycemic management.
As a fermented product, ACV has further elements to common acetic acid, together with phenolic compounds equivalent to catechin, ferulic acid, caffeic acid and gallic acid.
The researchers famous that these compounds have been proven to play roles in glucose metabolism and have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, presenting a extra synergistic product than acetic acid.
In line with the latest market report from the American Botanical Council, ACV is without doubt one of the top-selling natural dietary supplements, accounting for practically $130 million in gross sales in the US in 2022 throughout the mainstream and pure retail channels.
ACV continues to be of curiosity within the weight management category. The brand new assessment emphasizes its potential to help glycemic management.
Examine particulars and limitations
The examine was a GRADE-assessed systematic assessment and dose-response meta-analysis of managed medical trials. The researchers included seven research, totaling 463 contributors, to judge the results of ACV on the glycemic profile in T2DM sufferers.
The outcomes confirmed that every 1 mL/day improve in ACV consumption was related to a -1.255 mg/dL discount in fasting blood sugar. Moreover, better results on fasting blood sugar had been seen with dosages of 10 mL/d or extra.
ACV additionally considerably lowered HbA1c.
Nevertheless, ACV elevated insulin ranges, which the researchers famous was surprising and inconsistent with earlier examine outcomes. They recommend deciphering the current outcomes on insulin and HbA1c with warning, noting that “extra investigations are warranted.”
Moreover, they didn’t observe adjustments in insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), which they stated could also be “pertinent to the small variety of research that we included on this regard.”
Potential mechanisms
The researchers famous a number of potential mechanisms for ACV’s results on glycemic management and bettering fasting blood sugar.
These embody delaying gastric emptying, bettering glucose utilization, lowering glucose manufacturing within the liver and enhancing insulin secretion. The acetic acid in ACV might inhibit the enzymes that break down sugars, and acetic acid could improve glycogen repletion and reduce glycolysis.
Chlorogenic acid, a polyphenol in ACV, could decrease glucose ranges in animal research. The researchers stated the helpful results seen at greater doses could also be because of greater quantities of energetic elements.
Nevertheless, they famous that the precise mechanisms haven’t been elucidated, and additional research are wanted to outline the simplest dose in numerous populations.
Supply: Frontiers in Vitamin, Sec. Vitamin and Metabolism, Quantity 12 – 2025. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1528383 “Results of apple cider vinegar on glycemic management and insulin sensitivity in sufferers with sort 2 diabetes: A GRADE-assessed systematic assessment and dose–response meta-analysis of managed medical trials”. Authors: D. Arjmandfard et al.
